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Islamic and Gregorian Months

الأَشْهُرُ الهِجْرِيَّةُ وَالمِيلَادِيَّةُ

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The Islamic (Hijri) months are based on the lunar calendar, which follows the cycles of the moonThe English months are based on the solar calendar, which follows the sun. A Hijri year is about 354 days, whereas a Gregorian year is about 365 days, so the Islamic year is approximately 11 days shorter. Because of this difference, Islamic months do not align with fixed English months and move earlier each year.For example, Ramadan can occur in summer one year and winter several years later. Therefore, Islamic and English months are not direct equivalents and cannot be matched one-to-one.

GENERAL

4 words
شَهْر

shahr

month

أَشْهُر

ashhur

months

سَنَة

sanah

year

السَّنَة الهِجْرِيَّة

as-sanah al-hijriyyah

the Hijri year

ISLAMICMONTHS

12 words
١ - مُحَرَّم

muḥarram

Muḥarram (1st Hijri month)

٢ - صَفَر

ṣafar

Ṣafar (2nd Hijri month)

٣ - رَبِيع الأَوَّل

rabīʿ al-awwal

Rabīʿ al-awwal (3rd Hijri month)

٤ - رَبِيع الآخِر / الثَّانِي

rabīʿ al-ākhir / ath-thānī

Rabīʿ al-ākhir / Rabīʿ ath-thānī (4th Hijri month)

٥ - جُمَادَى الأُولَى

jumādā al-ūlā

Jumādā al-ūlā (5th Hijri month)

٦ - جُمَادَى الآخِرَة / الثَّانِيَة

jumādā al-ākhirah / ath-thaniyah

Jumādā al-ākhirah / Jumādā ath-thāniyah (6th Hijri month)

٧ - رَجَب

rajab

Rajab (7th Hijri month)

٨ - شَعْبَان

shaʿbān

Shaʿbān (8th Hijri month)

٩ - رَمَضَان

ramaḍān

Ramaḍān (9th Hijri month)

١٠ - شَوَّال

shawwāl

Shawwāl (10th Hijri month)

١١ - ذُو القَعْدَة

dhū al-qaʿdah

Dhū al-Qaʿdah (11th Hijri month)

١٢ - ذُو الحِجَّة

dhū al-ḥijjah

Dhū al-Ḥijjah (12th Hijri month)

GREGORIANMONTHS

12 words
١ - يَنَايِر

yanāyir

January

٢ - فِبْرَايِر

fibrāyir

February

٣ - مَارِس

māris

March

٤ - أَبْرِيل

abrīl

April

٥ - مَايُو

māyū

May

٦ - يُونْيُو

yūnyū

June

٧ - يُولْيُو

yūlyū

July

٨ - أُغُسْطُس

ughusṭus

August

٩ - سِبْتَمْبِر

sibtambir

September

١٠ - أُكْتُوبَر

uktūbar

October

١١ - نُوفَمْبِر

nūfambir

November

١٢ - دِيسَمْبِر

dīsambir

December